Yes, when creating a variable you can select “function”, that includes functions create with AIP Logic.
You just need to select the same function and version in the chain of thought widget.
What you are actually seeing in the “Logic - Chain of Thought” widget in workshop is the debug logs that you would also see in the debugger when preview running Logic functions locally. Previously, there has been hard restrictions on these logs for security reasons (logs only last 24 hours, can only see logs of Logic Functions runs you directly executed), and there has been a bunch of work to allow these logs to be more accessible and flexible (add these logs to the Ontology, edit them + make them more readable, etc), which I believe should address what you are asking for.
These changes should be almost ready. @mhawes would know more about the exact timeline on when this capability should be rolling out.